Fix merge conflict
Merge branch 'main' of https://github.com/hadley/r4ds # Conflicts: # data-tidy.qmd
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@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ book:
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Çetinkaya-Rundel, and Garrett Grolemund.
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right: |
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This book was built with <a href="https://quarto.org/">Quarto</a>.
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cover-image: cover.png
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favicon: cover.png
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cover-image: cover.jpg
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favicon: cover.jpg
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site-url: https://r4ds.hadley.nz/
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repo-url: https://github.com/hadley/r4ds/
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repo-branch: main
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@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ There are two columns that are already variables and are easy to interpret: `cou
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They are followed by 56 columns like `sp_m_014`, `ep_m_4554`, and `rel_m_3544`.
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If you stare at these columns for long enough, you'll notice there's a pattern.
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Each column name is made up of three pieces separated by `_`.
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The first piece, `sp`/`rel`/`ep`, describes the method used for the diagnosis, the second piece, `m`/`f` is the `gender` (coded as a binary variable in this dataset), and the third piece, `014`/`1524`/`2534`/`3544`/`4554`/``` 5564/``65 ``` is the `age` range (`014` represents 0-14, for example).
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The first piece, `sp`/`rel`/`ep`, describes the method used for the diagnosis, the second piece, `m`/`f` is the `gender` (coded as a binary variable in this dataset), and the third piece, `014`/`1524`/`2534`/`3544`/`4554`/`5564`/`65` is the `age` range (`014` represents 0-14, for example).
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So in this case we have six pieces of information recorded in `who2`: the country and the year (already columns); the method of diagnosis, the gender category, and the age range category (contained in the other column names); and the count of patients in that category (cell values).
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To organize these six pieces of information in six separate columns, we use `pivot_longer()` with a vector of column names for `names_to` and instructors for splitting the original variable names into pieces for `names_sep` as well as a column name for `values_to`:
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@ -422,15 +422,15 @@ When you use `".value"` in `names_to`, the column names in the input contribute
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#| label: fig-pivot-names-and-values
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#| echo: false
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#| fig-cap: >
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#| Pivoting with `names_to = c(".value", "id")` splits the column names
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#| Pivoting with `names_to = c(".value", "num")` splits the column names
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#| into two components: the first part determines the output column
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#| name (`x` or `y`), and the second part determines the value of the
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#| `id` column.
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#| `num` column.
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#| fig-alt: >
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#| A diagram that uses color to illustrate how the special ".value"
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#| sentinel works. The input has names "x_1", "x_2", "y_1", and "y_2",
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#| and we want to use the first component ("x", "y") as a variable name
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#| and the second ("1", "2") as the value for a new "id" column.
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#| and the second ("1", "2") as the value for a new "num" column.
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knitr::include_graphics("diagrams/tidy-data/names-and-values.png", dpi = 270)
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```
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@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ x <- 1:10
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cumsum(x)
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```
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If you need more complex rolling or sliding aggregates, try the [slider](https://slider.r-lib.org/) package by Davis Vaughan.
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If you need more complex rolling or sliding aggregates, try the [slider](https://slider.r-lib.org/) package.
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### Exercises
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@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ cat(readr::read_file("quarto/example-book.yml"))
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```
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We recommend that you use an RStudio project for your websites and books.
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Based on the `_quarto.yml` file, RStudio will recognize the type of project you're working on, and add a Built tab to the IDE that you can use to render and preview your websites and books.
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Based on the `_quarto.yml` file, RStudio will recognize the type of project you're working on, and add a Build tab to the IDE that you can use to render and preview your websites and books.
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Both websites and books can also be rendered using `quarto::render()`.
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Read more at <https://quarto.org/docs/websites> about Quarto websites and <https://quarto.org/docs/books> about books.
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