diff --git a/SD/1.1_R语言介绍/index.qmd b/SD/1.1_R语言介绍/index.qmd
index b6f05b0..5c95fd4 100644
--- a/SD/1.1_R语言介绍/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/1.1_R语言介绍/index.qmd
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ title: "一、R语言介绍"
 format:
   dwsd-revealjs:
     logo: _extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/ucaslogo.png
+execute:
+  echo: true
 ---
 
 ```{r}
diff --git a/SD/1.2_R语言语法基础/index.qmd b/SD/1.2_R语言语法基础/index.qmd
index 318452e..e5e7810 100644
--- a/SD/1.2_R语言语法基础/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/1.2_R语言语法基础/index.qmd
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ format:
 R中的数值型数据可以是整数或浮点数。
 
 ```{r}
-#| echo: true
 (x <- 10)
 (y <- 1.23e-2)
 (z <- pi)
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ R中的数值型数据可以是整数或浮点数。
 - 中文编码主要有GBK编码和UTF-8编码， 可能遇到编码错误造成乱码。RStudio软件默认采用UTF-8编码，在R程序运行时字符串一般用UTF-8编码保存。
 
 ```{r}
-#| echo: true
 (str <- "Hello, World!")
 (str <- 'Hello, World!')
 (str <- 'He was very angry, and shouted: "Stop!"')
@@ -747,7 +745,6 @@ names(Y) <- c("colA", "colB", "colC")
 
 ## 欢迎讨论！{.center}
 
-
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
 rmdify::slideend(
diff --git a/SD/1.3_Excel基础/index.qmd b/SD/1.3_Excel基础/index.qmd
index efe05d0..ebd9c10 100644
--- a/SD/1.3_Excel基础/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/1.3_Excel基础/index.qmd
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ## 下载excel文件
@@ -112,6 +111,7 @@ knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/1.9_课后作业6/index.qmd b/SD/1.9_课后作业6/index.qmd
index 927d2d5..5f9ab4e 100644
--- a/SD/1.9_课后作业6/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/1.9_课后作业6/index.qmd
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ## [第6次课后作业](第6次课后作业_模板.html)
@@ -60,6 +59,7 @@ Tom,31,87
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/2.1_codestyle/index.qmd b/SD/2.1_codestyle/index.qmd
index fb13b4c..93af75a 100644
--- a/SD/2.1_codestyle/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/2.1_codestyle/index.qmd
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 
@@ -134,6 +133,7 @@ flights |>
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/2.2_dataimport/index.qmd b/SD/2.2_dataimport/index.qmd
index 5678096..016246e 100644
--- a/SD/2.2_dataimport/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/2.2_dataimport/index.qmd
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ```{r}
@@ -325,6 +324,7 @@ if (FALSE) {
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/2.3_datatransform/index.qmd b/SD/2.3_datatransform/index.qmd
index 99082cd..c9a7fc5 100644
--- a/SD/2.3_datatransform/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/2.3_datatransform/index.qmd
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ```{r}
@@ -308,6 +307,7 @@ flights |>
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/3.1_datatransform/index.qmd b/SD/3.1_datatransform/index.qmd
index 89d1e2d..9016982 100644
--- a/SD/3.1_datatransform/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/3.1_datatransform/index.qmd
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ```{r}
@@ -968,6 +967,7 @@ semi_join(df1, df2, by = "id")
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/3.9_课后作业8/index.qmd b/SD/3.9_课后作业8/index.qmd
index 18b10c0..a55d6ec 100644
--- a/SD/3.9_课后作业8/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/3.9_课后作业8/index.qmd
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ```{r}
@@ -47,6 +46,7 @@ require(learnr)
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/4.1_datavisualize/index.qmd b/SD/4.1_datavisualize/index.qmd
index cad39ba..3d7c15b 100644
--- a/SD/4.1_datavisualize/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/4.1_datavisualize/index.qmd
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ execute:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ```{r}
@@ -3943,6 +3942,7 @@ p
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/4.2_实践部分/index.qmd b/SD/4.2_实践部分/index.qmd
index 0c22a7e..f0d0fcb 100644
--- a/SD/4.2_实践部分/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/4.2_实践部分/index.qmd
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ```{r}
@@ -85,6 +84,7 @@ ggplot(mpg, aes(x = drv, fill = class)) +
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/5.1_model/index.qmd b/SD/5.1_model/index.qmd
index 52baa62..1b13324 100644
--- a/SD/5.1_model/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/5.1_model/index.qmd
@@ -3,16 +3,6 @@ title: "模型构建"
 format:
   dwsd-revealjs:
     logo: _extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/ucaslogo.png
-knitr:
-  opts_chunk:
-    dev: "svg"
-    retina: 3
-execute:
-  freeze: auto
-  cache: true
-  echo: true
-  fig-width: 5
-  fig-height: 6
 ---
 
 
@@ -22,7 +12,6 @@ execute:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 # tidymodels主要步骤
@@ -1462,6 +1451,7 @@ test_prediction |>
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/5.2_空间分析/index.qmd b/SD/5.2_空间分析/index.qmd
index 953f6f8..fd5c021 100644
--- a/SD/5.2_空间分析/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/5.2_空间分析/index.qmd
@@ -3,16 +3,6 @@ title: "空间分析"
 format:
   dwsd-revealjs:
     logo: _extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/ucaslogo.png
-knitr:
-  opts_chunk:
-    dev: "svg"
-    retina: 3
-execute:
-  freeze: auto
-  cache: true
-  echo: true
-  fig-width: 5
-  fig-height: 6
 ---
 
 
@@ -22,7 +12,6 @@ execute:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ## 目录
@@ -503,6 +492,7 @@ wqsf |>
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/5.3_大数据分析工具/index.qmd b/SD/5.3_大数据分析工具/index.qmd
index 41eff37..8ca5e54 100644
--- a/SD/5.3_大数据分析工具/index.qmd
+++ b/SD/5.3_大数据分析工具/index.qmd
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ format:
 lang <- "cn"
 require(tidyverse)
 require(learnr)
-knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
 ```
 
 ```{r}
@@ -505,6 +504,7 @@ DBI::dbDisconnect(conn)
 
 ```{r}
 #| results: 'asis'
+#| echo: false
 rmdify::slideend(
   wechat = FALSE,
   type = "public",
diff --git a/SD/_metadata.yml b/SD/_metadata.yml
index 5086c15..09aaf3b 100644
--- a/SD/_metadata.yml
+++ b/SD/_metadata.yml
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ date: today
 lang: zh
 background-image: _extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/ucaslogo.png
 execute:
-  freeze: true
   echo: true
+  freeze: auto
diff --git a/_extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/dwsd.css b/_extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/dwsd.css
index e3a438c..41e8371 100644
--- a/_extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/dwsd.css
+++ b/_extensions/drwater/dwsd/inst/dwsd.css
@@ -489,3 +489,9 @@ div.column {
     vertical-align: top;
     width: 50%;
 }
+
+div.columns {
+    display: block;
+    gap: initial;
+}
+
diff --git a/data/writexldemo.xlsx b/data/writexldemo.xlsx
index 8f1a510..ffd0149 100644
Binary files a/data/writexldemo.xlsx and b/data/writexldemo.xlsx differ